Manzanar Project 2001 3

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Mudflat coral reef devoid of mangroves
The problem with establishing a livestock industry based on mangroves is that most of the coast is devoid of mangroves. Pictured here is a barren mud flat-coral reef area that will be planted with mangroves.

Growth of algae in fortified seawater
The reason most intertidal areas are devoid of trees is because seawater is lacking in nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron. The flasks from right to left are seawater alone, seawater fortified with ammonium phosphate, seawater with iron, and seawater with ammonium phosphate and iron. The best algal growth is with iron and ammonium phosphate, while some growth occurs with iron alone because of the heavy pollution of the local waters with sewage runoff.

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